Thermal Effect and Metallurgical Characteristics of Hydrogen Bottom Blowing in Top–Bottom Combined Blowing Converter

A new technology of hydrogen bottom blowing instead traditional argon in the current converter steelmaking process is proposed herein, aim overcoming problems such as energy shortages caused by increased scrap charging, low stirring intensity blowing, high CO2 emissions, and endpoint carbon content control. The thermal effect metallurgical characteristics were investigated based on production data a Pangang Group Xichang Steel & Vanadium Co., Ltd. This study shows that at an 0.1–0.5 m3·min−1·t−1—rather than 0.1 m3·min−1·t−1—can increase smelting temperature 16–73 K, charging ratio 0.89–5.19%, reduce emissions 19.79–115.96 kg per ton steel. Intensive could significantly oxygen molten steel late stage be beneficial to controlling endpoint. Hydrogen can also (FeO) slag, equilibrium partial pressure ratios H2O/H2 for reaction H2 + = H2O Fe middle periods are 0.41 0.11, respectively. slightly suppress decarbonization period steelmaking, (CO) [C] 9.65 × 10−2, which means preventing rapid decrease and, turn, helps control content. By comparing degree (P2O5) 5H2 P2(g) 5H2O 2[P] 5H2O, it seen intensive bottom-blown may have slight positive slag gasification dephosphorization. FactSage simulation results further verify conclusions above analysis.